White Willow
Scientific Name: Salix alba L.
Synonyms: Salix alba L. var. <i>caerulea</i> (Sm.) Sm., Salix alba L. ssp. <i>caerulea</i> (Sm.) Rech. f., Salix alba L. var. <i>calva</i> G. Mey., Salix alba L. var. <i>vitellina</i> (L.) Stokes, Salix alba L. ssp. <i>vitellina</i> (L.) Arcang., Salix vitellina L.
Classification: Plantae/ Tracheobionta / Spermatophyta / Magnoliophyta / Magnoliopsida / Dilleniidae / Salicales / Salicaceae / Salix L./ Salix alba L.
| General Information | |
|---|---|
| Usda Symbol | SAAL2 |
| Group | Dicot |
| Life Cycle | Perennial |
| Growth Habits | Tree |
| Native Locations | SAAL2 |
Plant Guide
Use soil moisture sensors to measure the soil moisture of White Willow.
Plant Traits
Growth Requirements
| Cold Stratification Required | No |
|---|---|
| Hedge Tolerance | Low |
| Hedge Tolerance | High |
| Frost Free Days, Minimum | 100 |
| Frost Free Days, Minimum | 100 |
| Fire Tolerance | High |
| Fire Tolerance | High |
| Fertility Requirement | Medium |
| Fertility Requirement | Low |
| Drought Tolerance | Low |
| Drought Tolerance | Low |
| Cold Stratification Required | No |
| Temperature, Minimum (°F) | -33 |
| CaCO3 Tolerance | Low |
| CaCO3 Tolerance | Low |
| Anaerobic Tolerance | Medium |
| Anaerobic Tolerance | High |
| Adapted to Medium Textured Soils | Yes |
| Adapted to Medium Textured Soils | Yes |
| Adapted to Fine Textured Soils | Yes |
| Adapted to Fine Textured Soils | Yes |
| Adapted to Coarse Textured Soils | Yes |
| Adapted to Coarse Textured Soils | Yes |
| Moisture Use | High |
| Temperature, Minimum (°F) | -33 |
| Shade Tolerance | Intolerant |
| Shade Tolerance | Intolerant |
| Salinity Tolerance | Medium |
| Salinity Tolerance | Medium |
| Root Depth, Minimum (inches) | 24 |
| Root Depth, Minimum (inches) | 16 |
| Precipitation, Minimum | 20 |
| Precipitation, Minimum | 20 |
| Precipitation, Maximum | 90 |
| Precipitation, Maximum | 60 |
| Planting Density per Acre, Minim | 300 |
| Planting Density per Acre, Minim | 300 |
| Planting Density per Acre, Maxim | 300 |
| Planting Density per Acre, Maxim | 300 |
| pH, Minimum | 5.2 |
| pH, Minimum | 4.5 |
| pH, Maximum | 7.8 |
| pH, Maximum | 7.0 |
| Moisture Use | High |
Morphology/Physiology
| Active Growth Period | Spring and Summer |
|---|---|
| Toxicity | None |
| Toxicity | None |
| Shape and Orientation | Erect |
| Fire Resistant | Yes |
| Foliage Texture | Medium |
| Foliage Texture | Medium |
| Foliage Porosity Winter | Porous |
| Foliage Porosity Winter | Moderate |
| Foliage Porosity Summer | Moderate |
| Foliage Porosity Summer | Dense |
| Foliage Color | Green |
| Foliage Color | Green |
| Flower Conspicuous | No |
| Flower Conspicuous | No |
| Flower Color | Yellow |
| Flower Color | Yellow |
| Resprout Ability | Yes |
| Fire Resistant | No |
| Fall Conspicuous | Yes |
| Fall Conspicuous | No |
| Coppice Potential | Yes |
| Coppice Potential | Yes |
| C:N Ratio | High |
| C:N Ratio | High |
| Bloat | None |
| Bloat | None |
| Active Growth Period | Spring and Summer |
| Shape and Orientation | Erect |
| Fruit/Seed Color | White |
| Resprout Ability | Yes |
| Nitrogen Fixation | None |
| Nitrogen Fixation | None |
| Low Growing Grass | No |
| Low Growing Grass | No |
| Lifespan | Moderate |
| Lifespan | Moderate |
| Leaf Retention | No |
| Leaf Retention | No |
| Known Allelopath | Yes |
| Known Allelopath | Yes |
| Height, Mature (feet) | 70.0 |
| Height, Mature (feet) | 70.0 |
| Fruit/Seed Color | White |
| Fruit/Seed Conspicuous | No |
| Fruit/Seed Conspicuous | No |
| Growth Form | Multiple Stem |
| Growth Form | Single Stem |
| Growth Rate | Rapid |
| Growth Rate | Rapid |
| Height at 20 Years, Maximum (fee | 16 |
| Height at 20 Years, Maximum (fee | 45 |
Reproduction
| Propagated by Corm | No |
|---|---|
| Propagated by Cuttings | Yes |
| Propagated by Cuttings | Yes |
| Propagated by Seed | No |
| Propagated by Seed | No |
| Propagated by Sod | No |
| Propagated by Sod | No |
| Propagated by Sprigs | No |
| Propagated by Sprigs | No |
| Propagated by Tubers | No |
| Propagated by Tubers | No |
| Fruit/Seed Period Begin | Spring |
| Seed Spread Rate | None |
| Seed Spread Rate | Slow |
| Seedling Vigor | Low |
| Small Grain | No |
| Small Grain | No |
| Vegetative Spread Rate | None |
| Vegetative Spread Rate | Slow |
| Propagated by Container | Yes |
| Propagated by Corm | No |
| Bloom Period | Early Spring |
| Bloom Period | Early Spring |
| Commercial Availability | Routinely Available |
| Commercial Availability | Routinely Available |
| Fruit/Seed Abundance | Medium |
| Fruit/Seed Abundance | Medium |
| Fruit/Seed Period Begin | Spring |
| Fruit/Seed Period End | Spring |
| Fruit/Seed Persistence | No |
| Fruit/Seed Persistence | No |
| Propagated by Bare Root | Yes |
| Propagated by Bare Root | Yes |
| Propagated by Bulb | No |
| Propagated by Bulb | No |
| Propagated by Container | Yes |
| Fruit/Seed Period End | Spring |
Suitability/Use
| Nursery Stock Product | Yes |
|---|---|
| Palatable Browse Animal | Medium |
| Palatable Browse Animal | Medium |
| Palatable Graze Animal | Low |
| Palatable Human | No |
| Palatable Human | No |
| Post Product | No |
| Post Product | No |
| Protein Potential | Low |
| Pulpwood Product | No |
| Pulpwood Product | No |
| Veneer Product | No |
| Veneer Product | No |
| Nursery Stock Product | Yes |
| Naval Store Product | No |
| Naval Store Product | No |
| Lumber Product | No |
| Lumber Product | No |
| Fuelwood Product | Low |
| Fuelwood Product | Low |
| Fodder Product | No |
| Fodder Product | No |
| Christmas Tree Product | No |
| Christmas Tree Product | No |
| Berry/Nut/Seed Product | No |
| Berry/Nut/Seed Product | No |
