Symphyotrichum longifolium (Lam.) G.L. Nesom, as to type

Scientific Name: Symphyotrichum longifolium (Lam.) G.L. Nesom, as to type


Classification: Plantae/ Tracheobionta / Spermatophyta / Magnoliophyta / Magnoliopsida / Asteridae / Asterales / Asteraceae / Compositae / Symphyotrichum Nees/ Symphyotrichum longifolium (Lam.) G.L. Nesom, as to type

<i>Symphyotrichum longifolium</i> (Lam.) G.L. Nesom, as to type
General Information
Usda SymbolSYLO3
GroupDicot
Life CyclePerennial
Growth HabitsForb/herb
Native LocationsSYLO3

Plant Guide

Alternative Name

Michaelmas daisy, Aster novi-belgii

Uses

Landscape: New York aster is an excellent upright perennial for a mixed bed or border, This species provides a color accent, bringing autumn color to the garden, Wildlife: New York aster is known for attracting butterflies and moths to areas where it is found growing, Use soil moisture sensors to measure the soil moisture of Symphyotrichum longifolium (Lam.) G.L. Nesom, as to type., This is a good bee plant providing nectar in the autumn, Most species in this genus seem to be immune to the predictions of rabbits (Thomas 1990),

Status

Please consult the Plants Web site and your State Department of Natural Resources for this plant’s current status, such as, state noxious status, and wetland indicator values.

Description

General: Aster family (Asteraceae). New York aster is an upright, native perennial that grows between one and a half to five feet tall. The leaves are elliptic to linear, smooth to scabrous above and glabrous beneath (Radford, Ahles & Bell 1968). The disc flowers are red to yellow. The flowers are hermaphrodite (having both male and female organs) and are pollinated by bees, butterflies, flies, beetles and moths. Distribution: New York aster ranges from Newfoundland and Nova Scotia south to Georgia, apparently to Alabama, chiefly near the coast (Tiner 1987). For current distribution, please consult the Plant profile page for this species on the PLANTS Web site. © Don Kurz @ PLANTS

Adaptation

New York aster is found growing in slightly brackish and tidal fresh marshes, occasionally borders of salt marshes; inland marshes, shrub marshes, shores and other moist areas (Tiner 1987). This plant requires well-drained soil and prefers sandy, loamy and clay soils. It can grow on nutritionally poor soil, in semi-shade or no shade but prefers a sunny location.

Establishment

Propagation by Seed: New York aster seeds should be sown fresh in the fall or spring (Heuser 1997). Pre-chill spring sown seeds to improve germination. When the seedlings are large enough to handle, place them into individual pots and plant them out in the summer. Division of this species should be done in the spring. Large divisions can be planted into their permanent positions whereas smaller clumps should be kept in a cold frame until they are growing well.

Management

Divisions of New York aster should be done in the spring every three years to maintain vigor (Heuser 1997). Regular spraying is recommended for this species because it is prone to mildew and attack from pests. Cultivars, Improved and Selected Materials (and area of origin) Available through some native plant seed sources. Contact your local Natural Resources

Conservation

Service (formerly Soil Conservation Service) office for more information. Look in the phone book under ”United States Government.” The Natural Resources Conservation Service will be listed under the subheading “Department of Agriculture.”

References

Gleason, H.A. & A. Cronquist 1991. Manual of the vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. 2nd ed. The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, New York. Heuser, C.W. 1997. The complete book of plant propagation. The Taunton Press, Newtown, Connecticut. Huxley, A. 1992. The new RHS dictionary of gardening. MacMillan Press, New York, New York. Radford, A.E., H.E. Ahles, & C. Bell 1968. Manual of the vascular flora of the Carolinas. The University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. Thomas, G.S. 1990. Perennial garden plants. J.M. Dent & Sons, London Tiner, R.W., Jr. 1987. A field guide to the coastal wetland plants of the northeastern United States. The University of Massachusetts Press, Amherst, Massachusetts.

Plant Traits

Growth Requirements

Temperature, Minimum (°F)-33
Adapted to Coarse Textured SoilsNo
Adapted to Fine Textured SoilsYes
Adapted to Medium Textured SoilsYes
Anaerobic ToleranceMedium
CaCO3 ToleranceLow
Cold Stratification RequiredNo
Drought ToleranceLow
Fertility RequirementLow
Fire ToleranceHigh
Frost Free Days, Minimum180
Hedge ToleranceNone
Moisture UseHigh
pH, Maximum7.0
pH, Minimum5.5
Planting Density per Acre, Maxim11000
Planting Density per Acre, Minim2700
Precipitation, Maximum60
Precipitation, Minimum40
Root Depth, Minimum (inches)10
Salinity ToleranceNone
Shade ToleranceIntolerant


Morphology/Physiology

After Harvest Regrowth RateModerate
ToxicityNone
Resprout AbilityNo
Shape and OrientationErect
Active Growth PeriodSpring, Summer, Fall
BloatNone
C:N RatioMedium
Coppice PotentialNo
Fall ConspicuousYes
Fire ResistantNo
Flower ColorPurple
Flower ConspicuousYes
Foliage ColorGreen
Foliage Porosity SummerPorous
Foliage Porosity WinterPorous
Fruit/Seed ColorBrown
Nitrogen FixationNone
Low Growing GrassNo
LifespanShort
Leaf RetentionNo
Known AllelopathNo
Height, Mature (feet)6.0
Growth RateModerate
Growth FormRhizomatous
Fruit/Seed ConspicuousNo
Foliage TextureFine


Reproduction

Vegetative Spread RateModerate
Small GrainNo
Seedling VigorLow
Seed Spread RateSlow
Fruit/Seed Period EndFall
Seed per Pound700000
Propagated by TubersNo
Propagated by SprigsNo
Propagated by SodNo
Propagated by SeedYes
Propagated by CormNo
Propagated by ContainerYes
Propagated by BulbNo
Propagated by Bare RootYes
Fruit/Seed PersistenceYes
Fruit/Seed Period BeginFall
Fruit/Seed AbundanceMedium
Commercial AvailabilityRoutinely Available
Bloom PeriodSummer
Propagated by CuttingsYes


Suitability/Use

Veneer ProductNo
Pulpwood ProductNo
Post ProductNo
Palatable HumanNo
Palatable Graze AnimalLow
Palatable Browse AnimalLow
Nursery Stock ProductNo
Naval Store ProductNo
Lumber ProductNo
Fodder ProductNo
Christmas Tree ProductNo
Berry/Nut/Seed ProductNo

<i>Symphyotrichum longifolium</i> (Lam.) G.L. Nesom, as to type

<i>Symphyotrichum longifolium</i> (Lam.) G.L. Nesom, as to type

<i>Symphyotrichum longifolium</i> (Lam.) G.L. Nesom, as to type

<i>Symphyotrichum longifolium</i> (Lam.) G.L. Nesom, as to type

<i>Symphyotrichum longifolium</i> (Lam.) G.L. Nesom, as to type

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