Salix interior Rowlee var. wheeleri Rowlee

Scientific Name: Salix interior Rowlee var. wheeleri Rowlee


Classification: Plantae/ Tracheobionta / Spermatophyta / Magnoliophyta / Magnoliopsida / Dilleniidae / Salicales / Salicaceae / Salix L./ Salix interior Rowlee var. wheeleri Rowlee

<i>Salix interior</i> Rowlee var. wheeleri Rowlee
General Information
Usda SymbolSAINW
GroupDicot
Life CyclePerennial
Growth HabitsShrubTree,
Native LocationsSAINW

Plant Guide

Use a soil moisture meter to monitor the soil moisture where Salix interior Rowlee var. wheeleri Rowlee is planted.

Fact Sheet

Alternate Names

narrowleaf willow

Uses

Erosion control: Sandbar willow is used for streambank and lake shore stabilization and riparian area development or restoration. It is recommended for deep wet lowland, overflow areas, wet meadow sites, streambanks, lake shores, and other areas with a high water table. Wildlife: This plant is provides wood and shelter for many game birds and forage for deer.

Status

Please consult the PLANTS Web site and your State Department of Natural Resources for this plant’s current status (e.g. threatened or endangered species, state noxious status, and wetland indicator values).

Weediness

This plant may become weedy or invasive in some regions or habitats and may displace desirable vegetation if not properly managed. Please consult with your local NRCS Field Office, Cooperative Extension Service office, or state natural resource or agriculture department regarding its status and use. Weed information is also available from the PLANTS Web site at plants.usda.gov.

Description

Salix interior., sandbar willow, is a common native suckering shrub 3 to 20 feet high found throughout the Northern Great Plains and the Northeast US. It quickly forms thickets on sand or gravel deposits along streams, roadside ditches, sloughs, and other places frequent to flooding. Branchlets are reddish brown, smooth or nearly so. Leaves are 2 to 5 inches long, narrowly lance-shaped, and pointed at both ends, with margins that have shallow, widely spaced teeth; they are green and smooth on both surfaces or sometimes silvery-silky. Leafstalks are very short and stipules, if present, are very small. This shrub is dioecious, so male and female flowers are produced by separate plants. Sandbar willow leaves are very narrow with serrated leaf edges. The leaf edges of purpleosier willow are not serrated, and the leaf width is greater. Also, purpleosier willow does not form thickets. Note: sandbar willow is an aggressive spreader and this should be considered when selecting materials for a given site. It can spread off of the streambank to other sites under favorable circumstances.

Adaptation and Distribution

Distribution

Distribution

Sandbar willow is adapted to sandy soils in stream, river, and shoreline sites, it is not well adapted to other sites, Use soil moisture sensors to measure the soil moisture of Salix interior Rowlee var. wheeleri Rowlee., Sandbar willow is distributed primarily throughout the West, For a current distribution map, please consult the Plant Profile page for this species on the PLANTS Website,

Establishment

Planting 1-0 rooted cuttings or unrooted cuttings are both effective planting methods. The un-rooted cuttings should be used where moisture conditions are good. On droughty sites, the rooted cuttings are preferred. Plant rooted cuttings using techniques that are common to bare root seedlings. Un-rooted cuttings should be at least 12 inches long, with the lower 10 inches buried vertically in the sand. Plant spacing of 2x2 to 4x4 works well. Sandbar willow is also planted in soil bioengineering systems. It should be planted in mixtures with other species such as ‘Streamco’ and ‘Bankers’ willows and ‘Ruby’ dogwood for live fascines, brush layers and brush mattress. Under-seeding with a cool season grass mixture is recommended.

Management

Once sandbar willow is planted, it requires little care. Blowouts along the stream should be addressed when they occur and repaired.

Plant Traits

Growth Requirements

Temperature, Minimum (°F)-62
Adapted to Coarse Textured SoilsNo
Adapted to Fine Textured SoilsYes
Adapted to Medium Textured SoilsNo
Anaerobic ToleranceMedium
CaCO3 ToleranceLow
Cold Stratification RequiredNo
Drought ToleranceLow
Fertility RequirementLow
Fire ToleranceMedium
Frost Free Days, Minimum120
Hedge ToleranceLow
pH, Maximum7.8
pH, Minimum4.0
Planting Density per Acre, Maxim640
Planting Density per Acre, Minim320
Precipitation, Maximum70
Precipitation, Minimum10
Root Depth, Minimum (inches)36
Salinity ToleranceNone
Shade ToleranceIntolerant


Morphology/Physiology

BloatNone
ToxicityNone
Resprout AbilityYes
Shape and OrientationErect
Active Growth PeriodSpring
Coppice PotentialYes
Fall ConspicuousNo
Fire ResistantNo
Flower ColorGreen
Flower ConspicuousNo
Foliage ColorGreen
Foliage Porosity SummerModerate
Foliage Porosity WinterPorous
Foliage TextureMedium
Fruit/Seed ConspicuousYes
Nitrogen FixationNone
Low Growing GrassNo
LifespanShort
Leaf RetentionNo
Known AllelopathNo
Height, Mature (feet)30.0
Height at 20 Years, Maximum (fee45
Growth RateRapid
Growth FormSingle Stem
Fruit/Seed ColorBrown


Reproduction

Vegetative Spread RateModerate
Small GrainNo
Seed Spread RateRapid
Fruit/Seed Period EndSpring
Propagated by TubersNo
Propagated by SprigsYes
Propagated by SodNo
Propagated by SeedYes
Propagated by CuttingsYes
Propagated by ContainerYes
Propagated by BulbNo
Propagated by Bare RootYes
Fruit/Seed PersistenceNo
Fruit/Seed AbundanceHigh
Commercial AvailabilityRoutinely Available
Bloom PeriodEarly Spring
Propagated by CormNo


Suitability/Use

Veneer ProductNo
Pulpwood ProductNo
Protein PotentialLow
Post ProductNo
Palatable HumanYes
Palatable Browse AnimalMedium
Nursery Stock ProductYes
Naval Store ProductNo
Lumber ProductNo
Fuelwood ProductLow
Fodder ProductNo
Christmas Tree ProductNo
Berry/Nut/Seed ProductNo

<i>Salix interior</i> Rowlee var. wheeleri Rowlee

<i>Salix interior</i> Rowlee var. wheeleri Rowlee

<i>Salix interior</i> Rowlee var. wheeleri Rowlee

<i>Salix interior</i> Rowlee var. wheeleri Rowlee

<i>Salix interior</i> Rowlee var. wheeleri Rowlee

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