Bothriochloa intermedia (R. Br.) A. Camus

Scientific Name: Bothriochloa intermedia (R. Br.) A. Camus


Classification: Plantae/ Tracheobionta / Spermatophyta / Magnoliophyta / Liliopsida / Commelinidae / Cyperales / Poaceae / Gramineae / Bothriochloa Kuntze/ Bothriochloa intermedia (R. Br.) A. Camus

<i>Bothriochloa intermedia</i> (R. Br.) A. Camus
General Information
Usda SymbolBOIN80
GroupMonocot
Life CyclePerennial
Growth HabitsGraminoid
Native LocationsBOIN80

Plant Guide

Use soil moisture sensors to measure the soil moisture of Bothriochloa intermedia (R. Br.) A. Camus.

Fact Sheet

Uses

Caucasian bluestem is sometimes used as a critical area cover plant due to its ability to grow on droughty, acid, sterile sites. It should be used in mixtures with native warm season grasses because it is not a particularly valuable wildlife plant. This plant is not reliably hardy north of the PA-NY border. Though used for forage in the southern Midwest, the quality is not high enough to use it in this way in the Northeast.

Status

Please consult the PLANTS Web site and your State Department of Natural Resources for this plant’s current status (e,g, threatened or endangered species, state noxious status, and wetland indicator values), Use soil moisture sensors to measure the soil moisture of Bothriochloa intermedia (R. Br.) A. Camus.,

Description

Caucasian bluestem has dense blue-green leaves and thin stems with purple tinges at the nodes. It typically grows to 3-4 feet in height. The seed head is a terminal group of spike-like stalks that come from a common point. The most memorable characteristic is the sweet, distinctive odor of the foliage.

Adaptation and Distribution

Distribution

Distribution

This grass will grow on soils of moderate drainage or better. It will grow well on acid, droughty, and low fertility soils. The best use for this grass is on drastically disturbed sites such as strip mine RAMP sites in PA and South. For a current distribution map, please consult the Plant Profile page for this species on the PLANTS Website.

Establishment

Caucasian bluestem should be seeded as the soil warms in the spring. The germination is slow compared to cool season grasses and the two types of grass are almost never planted together. Native grass drills such as the Truax, Great Plains, or Tye are the best units for planting this seed as they have positive feed mechanisms for chaffy seed and double disk furrow openers. If a suitable drill is not available or cannot be used due to terrain, then broadcasting the seed and tracking it in with a bulldozer is also an excellent planting method. Hydroseeding without tracking is simply a waste of time, money, and effort. Mulches are avoided with warm season grass plantings unless absolutely necessary to control erosion--then use 1500 pounds per acre of straw as a maximum rate. No nitrogen fertilizer should be applied during the seeding year. Phosphorus and potassium should be at medium levels, and the pH should be 5.5 or better on forage fields and 5.0 or better on critical areas. USDA NRCS National Plant Materials Center Beltsville, MD

Plant Traits

Growth Requirements

Temperature, Minimum (°F)-23
Adapted to Coarse Textured SoilsNo
Adapted to Fine Textured SoilsNo
Adapted to Medium Textured SoilsYes
Anaerobic ToleranceNone
CaCO3 ToleranceMedium
Cold Stratification RequiredNo
Drought ToleranceHigh
Fertility RequirementHigh
Fire ToleranceLow
Frost Free Days, Minimum150
Hedge ToleranceNone
Moisture UseMedium
pH, Maximum8.0
pH, Minimum5.0
Precipitation, Maximum50
Precipitation, Minimum20
Root Depth, Minimum (inches)18
Salinity ToleranceLow
Shade ToleranceIntolerant


Morphology/Physiology

After Harvest Regrowth RateRapid
ToxicityNone
Shape and OrientationSemi-Erect
Nitrogen FixationNone
Resprout AbilityNo
Active Growth PeriodSummer
BloatLow
C:N RatioMedium
Coppice PotentialNo
Fall ConspicuousNo
Fire ResistantNo
Flower ColorYellow
Flower ConspicuousNo
Foliage ColorGreen
Foliage Porosity SummerDense
Foliage TextureFine
Low Growing GrassNo
LifespanModerate
Leaf RetentionNo
Known AllelopathNo
Height, Mature (feet)3.0
Growth RateRapid
Growth FormBunch
Fruit/Seed ConspicuousNo
Fruit/Seed ColorBrown
Foliage Porosity WinterPorous


Reproduction

Vegetative Spread RateSlow
Small GrainNo
Seedling VigorHigh
Seed Spread RateRapid
Seed per Pound860000
Fruit/Seed PersistenceNo
Propagated by TubersNo
Propagated by SprigsNo
Propagated by SodNo
Propagated by SeedYes
Propagated by CormNo
Propagated by ContainerNo
Propagated by BulbNo
Propagated by Bare RootNo
Fruit/Seed Period EndFall
Fruit/Seed Period BeginSummer
Fruit/Seed AbundanceLow
Commercial AvailabilityRoutinely Available
Bloom PeriodMid Summer
Propagated by CuttingsNo


Suitability/Use

Veneer ProductNo
Pulpwood ProductNo
Protein PotentialLow
Post ProductNo
Palatable HumanNo
Palatable Graze AnimalLow
Palatable Browse AnimalLow
Nursery Stock ProductNo
Naval Store ProductNo
Lumber ProductNo
Fodder ProductYes
Christmas Tree ProductNo
Berry/Nut/Seed ProductNo

<i>Bothriochloa intermedia</i> (R. Br.) A. Camus

<i>Bothriochloa intermedia</i> (R. Br.) A. Camus

<i>Bothriochloa intermedia</i> (R. Br.) A. Camus

<i>Bothriochloa intermedia</i> (R. Br.) A. Camus

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